1) Disperse
dyes are non-ionic dyes. So they are free from ionizing group
2) They
are ready made dyes and are insoluble in water or have very low watr solubility.
Their solubility is at least 0.1gm/lit
3) They
are organic colouring substances which are suitable for dyeing hydrophobic
fibres from colloidal dispersion.
4) Disperse
dyes are used for dyeing man-made , ester-cellulose and synthetic fibres
specially acetic and polyester fibres and sometimes nylon and acrylic fibres.
5) Carrier
or dispersing agent are required for dyeing with disperse dyes.
6) Disperse
dyes have fair to good light fastness with rating about 4-5.
7) The
wash fastness of disperse dyes are moderate to good with rating about 3-4
8) Disperse
dyes have the ability to undergo sublimation that is they can be vaporized
without fastness or wash fastness for sublimation fastnes of disperse dyes the
following cause are responsible
a) Small
molecular size of dye suff
b) No ionic group
c) No
sulphonated group
Sublimation property of disperse dyes are used in transfer
printing. But it is a disadvantageris matter. Because excessive hot ironing or
pressing of disperse dyes/printed material may result in color loss.
9) Of
all dyes stuffs disperse dyes are of the smallest molecular size.the size of
dye molecules are 2-3 nanometre.
10) Generally
dispwrse dyes are derivative of azo, anthraquinone, nitro and quinine group.
11) They
do not undergo any chemical change during dyeing