Basic dye:
Basic dyes are ionic in nature and water in soluble but
soluble in alcohol and methylated spirit . This ionized which are responsible
to contain color and anions colorless. They are not such as direct or acid
dyes. First of all, Perkin invented this color. Perkin’s mauve is the first
member who invented this color.
The dye base becomes soluble in water when they are form
hydrochloride, oxalates, acetate etc The colored portion of basic dyes are
prepared from free of subtracted amino group such as, -NH2, -N(CH3)2,
-N(C2H5)2 etc.
General Formula of basic dye is as below:
R NH2
OH
The first synthetic dye Mauve of Perkin (1856) belongs to
this group of dyes. Some of the oldest coal tar dyes also belong to this group.
For example, Magenta, Brillant Green, Chrysoidine, Bismarck, Aquamine etc were
being dyed on wool and silk for long.
Properties of Basic dye:
i.
Basic dyes are water insoluble
ii.
They are soluble in alcohol and methylated
spirit.
iii.
Brilliant shade is formed
iv.
The tinctorial power is high
v.
No direct affinity for cotton fibre
vi.
Basic dye reacts with strong alkali and produce
colorless dye base.
vii.
Basic dye have direct affinity for jute fibre.
viii.
Poor washing fastness
ix.
Acrylic fibre is reacted with basic dye.